Forging Process
![Manufacturer of Rolled Rings, Bearing Races & Automotive Components](img/1.png)
The ring rolling process begins with the upsetting of the starting stock on flat dies at its plastic deformation temperature.
![Manufacturer of Rolled Rings, Bearing Races & Automotive Components](img/2.png)
Piercing involves forcing a punch into the hot upset stock displacing metal radically and leaving a thin web of metal at the bottom.
![Manufacturer of Rolled Rings, Bearing Races & Automotive Components](img/3.png)
A subsequent operation, shearing, removes the thin web producing a completed hole through the stock.
![Manufacturer of Rolled Rings, Bearing Races & Automotive Components](img/4.png)
This stock, referred to as a blank or preform, is now ready for the ring rolling process.
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The donut-shaped preform is placed over the mandrel.
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As the preform is rotated in the mill, the mandrel begins to apply pressure toward the main roll. At the same time, the axial cones apply pressure toward each other.
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As a result of the radial and axial pressure, the ring's OD and ID gradually increase while the thickness and wall section are reduced.